CAUSE & EFFECT ESSAY (CHAPTER 5)

Dear All!

Let's see the essay format:

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Cause and effect essay from hacersivil

Dear All,
Today we have practiced how to write and introduction and main body.
1- Have a look at the exercise7 on page 90 and complete it. (Look at the answer key below)
2-  Read the introduction in exercise 8. Write the body paragraph by following the questions and instructions on pages 92&93. Remember to write the paragraphs on A4 size paper.

1- Body Prg. 1/ Topic Sentence

a) As a result of illegal hunting, animal species are becoming extinct.
b) The extinction of animal species mainly results from/arises from/stems from/is caused by illegal hunting.

Body Prg. 2/ Topic Sentence

a) Environmental pollution is another reason why animal species become extinct/disappear/vanish.
Environmental pollution is another reason for the extinction of animal species.
b) The extinction of animal species is also due to environmental pollution.


2- Body Prg. 2/ Topic Sentence

Environmentalists all over the world participate in protests in order to raise awarenesds on environmental issues.

Body Prg. 2/ Topic Sentence

Another reason why environmentalists all over the world participate in protests is that they want/aim to force governments to take action.

3- Body Prg. 1/ Topic Sentence

Stress between co-workers basically arises from competition and unrealistic demands.

Body Prg. 2/ Topic Sentence

Owing to the fact that there is competition and unrealistic demands at work, there is stress between co-workers.

INTRODUCTION & CHAPTER 1

Dear All!

I will do my best to give the summary of each week and to help you practice more. You just need to click on the highlighted words or  phrases. You are more than welcome if you post your assignments here.

If you need to know what the newly introduced words mean, you can use some online dictionaries, some of which are Cambridge Free English Dictionary.     www.tureng.com, www.visuword.com, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary, 

www.Idoceonline.com, www.thesaurus.com, and the like.

You are also requested to understand the correction codes.
.

This week, we will focus on different types of sentences and try to extend sentences.

Lets' have a look at a simple sentence and do our best to extend it. Click on the highlighted sentence and see how it is expanded.        I made tea

Besides, we will have  a chance to practice coordinators: and, so, for,, but, yet, nor (FANBOYS).

Hope you have learnt how to connect sentences using sentence connectors and complete simple sentences with sentence connectors.

Have a look at the list for the help.

1) Coordinators

Coordinators (and, but, so, or, nor, for*, yet*) connect elements of equal importance.

S + V , but S + V S + V and V S or S + V N and N Adj. and Adj. Phrase and Phrase

(A comma is normally used.) (No comma is necessary.)

 

Examples: He drinks coffee, but she drinks tea.

(S + V , coordinator S +V)

Gary lives in Ohio, and Deana lives in Michigan.
She loves to dance, so she bought a studio.
You could buy a car, or you could put the money in the bank.
When there is a new subject and verb, a comma is used before (not after) the coordinator.
I hate to sing but, I love to dance. (Incorrect)
I hate to sing, but I love to dance. (Correct)

John and George both play football. Paul listens to music and reads books. John, Paul, George, and Harry are classmates.

(two subjects) (two verbs) (series)

*For is also commonly used as a preposition. Yet can sometimes be used as an adverb.


2) Subordinators

Subordinators are linking words that are used to join clauses together. They are used at the beginning or in the middle of a sentence. A clause is a group of words that must contain a subject and predicate. There are two types of clauses:

• independent clauses - these can stand alone as a sentence by themselves
• dependent clauses - these make no sense by themselves.

Example

Common Subordinators

Below are some examples of commonly used subordinators.

Comparison & Contrast	Cause / effect	Time
Although Though Even though While Whereas	Since So that Because	After When Until Whenever Before
Possibility	Place & manner
if as if whether unless	Wherever Where How

3) Sentence connectors

Sentence connectors are used to link ideas from one sentence to the next and to give paragraphs coherence. Sentence connectors perform different functions and are placed at the beginning of a sentence. They are used to introduce, order, contrast, sequence ideas, theory, data etc. The following table lists useful connectors.

 Useful Sentence Connectors

Logical / sequential order  Firstly, secondly, thirdly etc Next, last, finally In addition Furthermore Also At present / presently	Order of importance  Most / more importantly Most significantly Above all Primarily It is essential / essentially
Contrast However On the other hand On the contrary By (in) comparison In contrast	Result As a result As a consequence Therefore Thus Consequently Hence
Comparison Similarily Likewise Also	Reason The cause of The reason for

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